Pencil Drawing Techniques

Handling The Pencil

 

Like the athlete who is ready for the challenge of competition, you are now ready to begin drawing. However, before the athlete starts the game, he must “loosen up” to relieve tension. The same is true for the artist. Yon must loosen up before you meet the challenge of that white paper.

 

In this section you’ll learn how to hold the pencil and how to loosen up. Then you’ll discover how to create values, forms, and textures with the pencil and how to smudge for tones.

 

Creating Values

 

The placement of values is of prime importance in the composition ot a picture. It is possible to create all the values in a drawing by using just one pencil. To do this. you must use a penc il thaI will make a dark value. Try using a 2B. By varying the pressure on the paper with a 2B pencil. you can
render all values between while and black.

Another way of creating values is by using different grade pencils for outerent values. You can make all the values between white and black with seven pencils as follows:

0 1    2    3    4       5       6       7 8    9    10
68   48   28   H8   2H    4H       6H

 

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Creating Forms

 

One of the most difficult problems of drawing is creating a three-dimensional form on a flat piece of paper. The best demonstration of producing three-dimensions is with a drawing of a cube that has height, width, and depth. If there is a flat overall light on a cube, it is difficult to see the light side, the middle tone side, and the shadow side. When a single light is directed on the cube you will be able to see the height, width, and depth. Each surface of the cube will have a value, and the difference between these values will reflect the amount of light. For example, if the lightest side of the cube is a 9th value and me shadow side is a 1st value, there is a stronger light effect than if the difference were a 7th value for the light and a 5th value for the shadow.

 

 

 

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The Fundamentals Of Drawing

 

It is very important to learn to draw things as you see them-realistically. That is, you must reproduce the dimensions and proportions of a given subject. To render a faithful, realistic drawing, you must be able to observe the basic structure of an object, regardless of how complex and obscured by detail it may be. You must train not only your hands but your eyes as well. In this section you’ll learn how to see the four forms that comprise the basic structure of all existing objects. Once you’ve mastered these forms, you’ll be able to draw anything.

 

 Drawing Landscape When you start drawing the landscape, you must begin to see it in terms of values- not lines. There is no reason why you as an artist, cannot change the values you see’ before you. A musician will take a group of notes and bring them together in such a way to make harmony, and they become a beautiful piece of music. So you will take a group of subjects-a farm, trees, mountains, boats, elc. -and bring them together to make a composition. This will take some planning and arranging. In this section you will learn how to see the landscape as values and vignettes, and how to draw from photographs.  

 

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 Drawing Portraits 

Using the pencil to get a likeness is a great challenge for the portrait artist. Simply because of its pointed precision, pencil encourages a greater interest in the details than in the whole. A case in point is around the eyes, where artists’ fingers often irresistibly make precise pencil marks. It is excusable to pick out some details just for “navigational” points, but it’s best to keep moving to other parts of the portrait. Starting with a close-up analysis of the eye, this section shows with step-by-step instructions how to successfully develop a portrait drawing.  

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Drawing Animals 

To draw an animal well, it is necessary to know and understand its personality and behaviour in order to express its individual features. The purpose of this section, then, is to demonstrate, using step-by-step drawings, various types of animals- showing their similarities, differences, and unique characteristics.The following pages include all types of animal portraits-from domestic young colts to wild tigers-resting, jumping, at play, even yawning! 

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Drawing for Watercolors 

Notice that every drawing in this section contains just enough information for painting and that the arrangement of pencil or Conte lines tells the artist what to emphasize. Study each drawing with this in mind, and in your own work develop a system of noting shapes and textures, so that you resolve the plan for your painting during this preliminary stage.Putting excitement and vigor in your watercolor paintings depends on your ability to capture in pencil that very essence of a subject, so that you have a clear idea of exactly what you want to paint and can work out a plan for rendering the key textures before you begin to paint. Handling Colored Pencils Color mixing is exciting in any medium, but there is a special thrill handling color with colored pencils. The colors they yield are so instantly available -with no setting up of cumbersome paraphernalia-and they can be rapidly mixed and changed on the paper.Colored pencils also excel in tonal drawing.This exciting section on handling the colored pencil covers color mixing, tonal techniques, burnishing your colored pencil artwork, and using colored pencils with a solvent. 

 

 

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Introduction
Handling the Pencil
How to Handle the Pencil
Creating Values
Creating Forms
Fundamental Strokes 

The Fundamentals of Drawing
Eye Level: The Foundation of Perspective
Practice Exercises
Drawing Cubic Objects
Using Initial Sketches to Refine Drawings
Drawing Cylindrical Objects
Drawing the Cylinder First
Drawing Spherical Objects
Drawing Conical Objects
Composing Objects with Basic Forms Drawing Landscapes
Creating Textures with Lines and Strokes
Seeing the Landscape as Values
Building Your First Drawing
Creating a Dark Value Pattern
Smudging the Pencil
Drawing a Harbor Scene
Drawing Reflections in Water
Simplifying a Busy Scene
Adding interest to a Flat Landscape
Interpreting a Cluttered Scene
Creating a Center of Interest
Developing Dark Values Drawing Portraits
Drawing the Eye
Drawing a Teenager
Drawing a Man Drawing Animals
Drawing Dogs
Drawing the Big Cats
Drawing Horses
Drawing a Cottontail Rabbit
Drawing Small Animals Drawing for Watercolors
Planning Your Composition
Establishing Values
Recording Character in Detail
Evaluating Shapes
Drawing Areas of Interest Handling Colored Pencils
Using the Colored Pencil
Select ing Colored Pencils
Mixing Colors
Changing Value
Changing Intensity
Developing a Discerning Eye
Creating Structure with Color
Tonal Techniques
Flower with Tonal Technique
Flowers on Paper with Gesso Surface
Burnishing
Effects of Burnishing
Using Colored Pencils with a Solvent
Achieving a Painterly Effect
Using a Colorless Blender

 

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